Hypertext Writing

1. Nelson on hypertext
 : non-sequential writing - text that branches and allows choices to the reader, best read at an interactive screen

http://www.livinginternet.com/w/wi_nelson.htm

2. Ergodic Literature
 : "In ergodic literature, nontrivial effort is required to allow the reader to traverse the text." in Cybertext: Perspectives on Ergodic Literature written by Aarseth, E.
 - Saporta, M. (1963) Composition No.1, Roman: 150 loose leaf pages
 - Cortazar, J. (1966) Hopscotch: Chapters 57-155 designated as 'expendable'
 - Queneau, R. (1967) Un conte a votre facon: Numbered double-page spreads
 - Johnson, B.S. (1969) The Unfortunates: 27 chapters, bound as pamphlets

http://tcjournal.org/issues/vol3/kirchoff/Ergodic.html

3. Story, Narrative and Text
 - Story: the content of a tale
 - Narrative: a recounting of a story
 - Text: the signs (words, images)
 => Non-linearity may be introduced at any or all of these levels

http://www.eastgate.com/catalog/ReadingHypertext.html

http://www.academia.edu/13695589/COGNITIVE_MODEL_FOR_WEB_BASED_HYPERTEXT_COMPREHENSION

4. Hypertext Fiction
 : concentrates on literary hypertext
 - Joyce, M. (1987) afternoon, a story: Non-linear narrative with default path
 - Moulthrop, S. (1992) Victory Garden: Multiple non-linear narratives with default paths
 - Ryman, G. (1996) 253: Extensive cross-referencing and footnotes support a non-linear narrative
 - Hildick, E.W. (1967) Lucky Les: the adventures of a cat of five tales: Third person narrative
 - (1979-) Choose Your Own Adventure: Second person narrative
 - Newman, K. (1999) Life's Lottery: Non-linear story, but, with an additional narrative

http://nicolebasaraba.com/examples-hypertext-fiction-write-hypertext-narratives/

http://www.cyoa.com/

5. Ludic Hypertext
 - (1982-) Fighting Fantasy: Combines CYOA-style second person narrative with Dungeons & Dragons-style rules
 - (1986-7) Dual Master: Two-player gamebook
 - Campbell Webster, E. (2007) Being Elizabeth Bennet: Mimicry aimed at a different demographic to that of other gamebooks
 - Rahman, K. (1983) Dark Cults: Storytelling card game

https://incobalt.wordpress.com/writings/interweaving-narrative-structures-with-ludic-environments/text-interweaving-narrative-structures-with-ludic-environments/

6. Hypertext Comics
 - Early hypertext comics based on gamebooks
 - McCloud, S. (2001) Choose Your Own Carl: Implicit choices in alternate frames
 - Shiga, J. (2010) Meanwhile: Visual grammar for linking
 - Ware, C. (2001) Jimmy Corrigan: The Smartest Kid On Earth

http://www.hypercomics.net/

http://scottmccloud.com/

7. Hypertext poetry
 - Rosenberg, J. (2005) Diagrams Series 6, #1.

8. Hypertext Drama
 : allows the audience to follow different narratives (and to choose when to switch narratives)
 - Stoppard, T. (1973) Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are Dead
 - Cincera, R., Rohac, J. and Svitacek, V. (1967) Kinoautomat: Czech experimental interactive film
  * Film is stopped at intervals and audience is asked how they think the film should be continued
  * Audience votes on two options (red/green) with the majority determining the future path of the film
 - Figgis, M. (2000) Timecode: Film composed of four overlapping narratives

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-vnI7DtqnSw

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YXr8W9i-Bz8